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R. G. CLARK. INTERNAL comBusTmN Emme.

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APPLICATION msu IuLY e. Isls. 1,3q3075, Patlltedllll 28, 1921 4 shears-snm 2.

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INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

` APPucATxoN man iuLY 5.19m. 1,383,075. Patented Jana 28, 1921.

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R. G. CLARK.

INTERNAL coMusTloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION mEuJuLY e. 191e. 1,383,075. Patented June 28, 1921.

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`PATENT OFFCE.

`ROBERT G. GLAEK, 0I BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

Be it known that' Bonner G. CLARK a citizen ofthe United i taten, residing in he borough of Brooklyn,V in the Acounty `of Inigs, city and State of. New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in In ternal Combustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specication.

yThis invention relatesl to internal com bastion engines of the type in which a piston connected to a power or crank shaft re` cipro'cates ina cylinder, and it is the primary object of the invention to improve the general construction of engines of this type to chea en the cost of construction and increase e eiliciency thereof. .A

One of thedisadvantagesof an engine n having a reciprocable piston connected to a power or crank shaft is that theV piston and cylinder become quickly worn due to the lateral force ,or pressure of the pieton thei'eby affecti the economical o eration of the en ine an 'shortenin the li e of the saine,

' anc it is an object ot the invention to over-4 come this disadvantage by supporting the cylinder so that it will at all times assume a position in axial elin'eirnent with the-piston i in all positions of the laten-during the re- Adurin to theproper scaven or e the products of 'combustion from the com ciprocation thereof an Vwhereby the enfansive force or thrust of the 'power me ium combustion is always directed in a stifag lt line to thecentei' of the crank pin of the power allait.

In engines of this character the cylinder having a combustion chamber is secured in a fixed position and. as the reci rocable movement of the piston .is at. all times the same the cylinder is so proportioned relative to the movement of the piston as to leave a s ace or clearance between the end of the cy inder and the piston when the latter is in its innermost position for the com pression of the fuel charge, this space or.

clearance usually being one-quarter of the area or volume of the combustion chamber or one-third of the movement of the piston. While this space is essential for the coni-v presson of the fuel charge, it is detrimental xhaixsting-of bustion chamber, since as themovement of the piston is at all times. the same it does not move into the cylinderduring the exhaust stroke thereof with theleast possible clearance betweenthe head of theV cylinder and piston with the result that Pmitwn. of

Specification o1' Letters Patent. Patnted Junes, 1921. Application Med y.Tiny 6, 191B. Serial No. 10?,75G.v

the lburnt gases. remains in the cylinder. It is a. further object of the invention to provide an engine in which there is a clearance space between the head of the cylinder and p iston during the compression stroke suflicient for the compression of the fuel charge, and which clearance space during the exhaust stroke is reduced to a minimum.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved rotary valve mechanism to ermit of the use of large fuel intake and e aiist ports for the free ow of the gases thereby avoiding back `pressure and loss of power, and permitting of much higher speed, and to means to mount the valve mechanism to rotate on an axis eccentric to the axis of the valve and mount the piston cylinder upon the valve to permit of osciliatorymovement of the cylinder and impartin; reciprocatory movement to the cylinder re ative to the movement of the piston.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved igniting means incliidiiijg!r an electric spark p iig whereby the spar plug is caused to be placed in communication with the fuel charge in the cylinder and maintained out of communication with the cylinder durin'g the combustion of the fuel and the exhausting of the burnt gases from the cylinder, and to provide means to wipe the sparking points of the plug to clean off 'soot or carbon which may have accumulated thereon.`

A further object of the invention relates to means to water-cool the valve mechanism and cylinder.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of an engine illustrating an embodiment of my invention, the section being taken substantially on the line A--A of Figs. 2 and 3.

Fi 2 is a sectional end elevation taken on the line B-B of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a lan view. V

Fig. 4 is a ongitudinal sectional view of the valve taken on the line of Ijig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a portion of the valve mechanism and cylinder to show the manner of connecting the cylinder through the valve with the exhaust outlet.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a portlon of the valve and cylinder to show the manner of connecting the cylinder through the valve with the source of fuel supply; and l Figs.- to 10 incliisive are diagrammatic lUO 'heed for the entrenceo views to show the different positions of the. valve, cylinder end piston during a. cycle of operations of the engine. A'

Similar characters oi?v reference designate' journaled in e crunk euse 12 und tewhich shaft e piston 13. is connectcdb e red 14,

Athe rod having e .pivotal connec ion with c crank pin 15 und a. fixed or rigid connection withthe piston Thel piston 51s reciproca-ble ine cylinder 16 havingr Jorts '17, IS in the the exhaust of the products o'combustion,

` upward from the and has n water jacket 19. The heed of=the cylinder has en entendi Aportion 20 which is in the nature of ncontlnuation of the cyl.

inder, to which is removably connected e similar sheped portion 21 to provide' a. cy-

lindricnl vulve chamber open nt. opl'josite ends or the sides of the cy inder end with which the ports 17 and 18 communicate,

A. vulve (designated in o elneral we V) to control the cher of el to en by the exhaust from the c lin er through thel ports 17 end 18 rotetab enga' es in the' valve chamber, vthe seid ve. ve having trunnions 22,

23, the exis of4 which 4trunnione is eccentric I chamber, the bristles ofthe brush being of to the exis of, the vulve, whereby the 'vulve is journnled in bearings or pillow blocks 24, 25

et the upper ends of standards V26 extending crank case and retained in seid bearings by caps 27 v28. The bearings and caps have annulerlienges es et 29, to enge e with the ends of the va veer shoulder ormed by the'trunnions andftheends of the vulve chnmbertoconstitute a. guide for the valve chnmber and valve during the rotation of the latter. The vallv'e also 'serves 'us n pivotal support for the c linder to'permit `oscillatory movement `othe cylinderand impart' reciprocntory movement to thecylinder reletiv'e4 to the movement 4of the piston for u purpose beherenafter -described. A

The charge of fuel to thecylinder iscon'f trolled by `e by-pass port 30 in thel valve adapted to connect the fuel intuire port 18 ofthe cylinder with n port 3 1 in the bearing 25 and through u -pipe 32 connect seid letter port with the sourceof fuel supply. The exhaust from the cylinder is controlled through the ports 17 and 18 inthe cylinder by :i by-puss port 33 i in the vulve adapted to connect said cylinder erts with n, port 34 in the bearing 24to w ich is connect/eden exhaust outlet pipe 35. The valve is rotated from the piston through the crunk shaft ut one-'half the velocity of the crunk shaft through e miter eer 36 fixed to the crank shaft meshing wit e miter geur 37 fixed to a shaft 38 j ournaled to roteteon e vertical exis in bearings 39 extendilig laterelly from -the source o -Erovii'lefa Suits. le bISll 6224691111951 by a' M 'contact 4 5 carried by and insulated from the vulve, 'as M46. ,The'contect 45 visnlupted to intermittentlfybla the lug` in circuit with `ectricity, urmgjthe roteltion4 of. the vulve-by contacting"` with a terminal 'contact 47 connected in circuit with the source of electricity. The lconte'ct 47 is carried by enerm or bracket' 48 secured to the bearing cap 27 to have adjustment 1n the 'are oi e circle to 4edvence or retard the contactfond thcrebythespark of the plu".- The. erking points of the plug ignite tahe fuel c rge through en opening 64 to the recess 43 with which the .gases have 'communication when the plulilsin ignitin position. To clean the spar g points of heplul'efter the i nition o f e. cher e 'of fuel in. e cylinder racket. 63 on the portion 2 1 of the yvelue; t5

such length to extend through :in opening 64 .in thevclve chamber in line with the move- 'especially the sperkingA-Boints of the plug' muy be examined :it i of 'the plug.

-TO colthe vulve und vulve chamber the valve has ,ai water chamber or jacket (shown ine general wey by 44:9) to extend around without remove 'the'ports 30, 3B und the recess for the spark plug, said chamber having an inlet 50 exially in the truunlon 23j to `which one end 115 of en inlet pipe 51 is oonnectechand an outlet 52 ru xiellyin the trunnion 22 to which is connected nnoutlet pipe 53. It will be obvious-that the water inlet und outlet pipes 51, 53 are stationary and to Ineke u water- 1-20 .tight joint connection between said pipes end the outlet and inlet in the triuinions the ends of seid inlet und outlet v.ure counter-lmred, seid pipes vengaging in seid inlet and outlet and hnving e'fiange por- 125 tion 54 to engage with the bottom of' the counterbore and pecking 55 placed in the counter-bore in bach of the flange and retained therein by a flanged sleeve, the pecking and sleeve being in the nature of n e openin los place during the compression ower strokes ofthe piston and while the ve. ve is in tlie moet fevorableposition to overcome such friction, and the eccentricthroxvof the 4 5 valve returns during the intake cnd-exheut strokes of thepiston :incl whilethereis precticnlly no force to overcome. and swing around in time to receive the expensive forcesroi thegases in tlie cylinder Aduring the mit seid cylinder'V tooscilletc to assume e, sition in axial alinement with the iston.

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2i) ci rocaltion thereof to move the cy der in rtionlongtnriinally of the'ps'ton 'dar' ver e ing the movemento'f the piston. l 'space between the heads ofthe iston and cylinder for the purpose specifi 2; In an internal combustion en p combination .of a. crenlrl shaft; c reciproceble piston connected thereto,` e piston cylinder su ported to permit selid cylinder tokbe S- cileted through the later-M thrust of the piston to assume e position in exielelinement with the iston'i-n ell positions ofthe latter during tlib reciprocntion thereof1 en to reciprocate scid cylinder .in ewdireetion longitudinal of the piston end relntiveto the 'movement of the piston tovery the space between 'the heads ofthe piston sind cylinder clurinflr the power and exhaust strokes of the piston.

.3. In an `interncl combustion engine, the combination of c reciproceble piston; a. piston cylinder having n. head'with a. bore extending transversely tothe boreof the cylinder; and enV eccentrically,l mountedencl rotetrible support for the cylinder mf] 46 seid head encloperable fromm. movml'pert of the engine tov move seid .cylind'e o 1- tudinnlly relative to the pistonto veryt e ecc between the t e purpose specifi to 4. In env mterneleoxnbustionenginegthe combination of p. reciprocable piston;- epic ton cylinderv having e head 4with' a.: bore extening transverse to the bore of the-cylinder; end n rotatable eccentrically n'loimtf4 ed end rotatable support for the cylinder engaging in said head operable from the piston to impart longitudinali movement to the cylinder relative to the reciproceble movement of the piston to very thespece between the piston and cylinder during the cycle of operations of the piston sind cause seid cylinder to et all times assume a position in axial elinement with the piston in all positions of thelatter during the reciprocation thereof. l o

e, the

thereto, substantially as endfq'r the purpose iston end-cylinder fortieclly ns and for the ,p

5. In en .internal combustion engine, the combination of e reciproceble-pston; a. piston cylindl' hnvi fueleinteke and exhaust portscnd n head t e bore 02E Whh is treneveree tothe-bore ofthe cylinder ,w'itlijwhichV 70 the cylinder ports communicate; Yend.A en,

ntricnlllsurtefl rotaryvailifeeiign g- Y eac ing in salici control the opening end closing "of the cylinder ports-end tosnpportscid, cylinder to'have longitudinel reeipro-` 7S. criblev movement in thesiame direction as the movement'of the'pieton -(lux-in the conipreion strokefof-the piston en in e direction oppositeto 'the movement-oithe piston dui-in the exhuust.stroke ofthepiston to so very e noe'betiveon the .pistonnnd cylinderfor t ey pnrposespecied.' y v 6. In en: intemnlicombust'on enginethe combination of n'reciproeble pieton; o. is tonv `cylinder having crits; rote y ve `8omecheni'smto control e chargeo to the cylinder through oneoffseidports und the exhaust from the cylinder through all. ofsaid'ports; end meens to support thel cyl v nrlerfroml said valve mechanism to cause seid cylinder at :ill times to assume a. POSTI- tion in'nxinl nlineme'nt with'the piston and to have longitudinal movement imparted l epecii'ed. 5

l'I In en internalgcombnstonffenginei the `.combinaition of 'o :reciproceble piston; a piston cylndergheving `fuel intake and exhaust ports und'e vnlve'chnmber with which said y ports commnmcate; Vand an eccentricelly V -supportecl 4rotary valve to operate in the ve-chnmber substantially as andfor the purpose speciiied. l f A 8i In iminternnlcombuetionfengine, the combination: o fze reciproceble piston; e -pie- 106 ton cylinclerhevinguelintnke and exhaust ports and` rt valve chamberwith whichseid ports communicate; c'rotry.vjelveto oper-f` site in seid valve 'chamber to` controlV the p chn'rge of zfiml-4 to and exhaust lfrom.tl1e,-' :yl` 110 inder l. through-the cylinder portar "and means to e'c'cellt'rieellyv snlport said valve and impartgmovementto e cylinder'relc. tivejto the movement` of thepi'ston, substano'se 'specifiedi 115 9.'.111 en; internalcom ustion engines the combination -of ccr'ank shaft and e `reclpro- Y 'cable piston; e istoncylinder having fuel intello a'nd e mist ports.y in `the vhencl thereof,4 and a. valve chamber et the `12o head; e valve rotatable in seid valve chamber. operable from the piston to control the charge of `fuel to and the exhaust from the cylinder, said valve having trunnions the exis of which trunnions is eccentric to .the exis ofthe valve;4 and heads at oplposite 'endsof the valve chamber and v ve in which the velvetrunrons are jour nelecl, substantially es' and for the purpose specified. l iso l0. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a crank shaft; a reciprocable piston connected thereto; a' piston cylinder having fuel intake and exhaust ports in the head; a valve chamber integral with the cylinder; a valve rotatable in said valve chamber having trunnions the axis of which trunnons is eccentric to the axis of the valve; heads at opposite ends of the valve chamber and valve in which the `valve trunnions are journaled, one of said heads havingy a ort connected to the fuel supply and the ot er head having a port connected to the exhaust outlet, and said ports adapted to be placed in communication with the fuel intake and exhaust ports of the cylinder through the valve; and means to o crateV the valvefrom the piston, ,substantie ly as and 'for the purpose specified. y

l1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a crank shaft; a piston pivotally connected to the crank shaft; a piston cylinder having fuel intake and exhaust ports in the head; a valve chamber constituting a continuation of the cylinder head; a valve rotatable in said chamber having supporting trunnions, the axis of said trunnions bein eccentric to the axis of the valve; hea s supported in a fixed position nected to the fuel suppl and the other head having a port connectec to the exhaust outlet and said ports adapted to be placed in communication with the fuel intake and exhaust ports of the cylinderl through the valve; and means to connect and rotate the valve from the crank shaft, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

l2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a water jacket and fuel inlet and. exhaust ports, and a piston to operate therein, of a rotary valve having trunnions whereby it is rotatably supported; by-pass ports in said valve to connect the cylinder ports with the source of fuel supply and the exhaust; a water jacket in the valve around said ports havmg an inlet in one of the trunnions and an outlet in the other trunnion; water inlet and outlet pipes connected to said trunnions; and inlet and outlet pipes connected to the water jacket of the cylinder and having a iiexible joint connection with the outlet and inlet pipes of the water jacket in the valve.

ROBERT G. CLARK. 

